Restless Legs Syndrome: Understanding a Common Sleep Disorder

What Is Restless Legs Syndrome?

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder that manifests as an insatiable urge to move the legs, commonly accompanied by uncomfortable sensations. As Dr. John Winkelman from Harvard Medical School explains, these sensations may feel like crawling, aching, or throbbing, primarily affecting the legs and sometimes the arms.

Symptoms and Sleep Disruption

Many individuals experience RLS symptoms when sitting or lying down, which significantly impairs their ability to fall asleep or remain asleep. This condition is classified as a sleep disorder due to the sleep interference it causes. In severe instances, affected individuals may struggle with sleep multiple times weekly, with symptoms potentially delaying sleep for hours.

Who Is Affected by RLS?

Genetics and iron levels dramatically influence who develops restless legs syndrome. RLS is more common in families with a history of the condition. Additionally, individuals with iron deficiencies, including pregnant women and those with certain health conditions, face higher risk.

Treating Restless Legs Syndrome

Managing RLS often begins with lifestyle adjustments. Limiting alcohol, certain medications, and sugar intake can alleviate symptoms. Iron supplementation is also beneficial for those with low levels.

Medications for Severe Cases

For individuals not responding to lifestyle changes, medications such as alpha2-delta ligands like gabapentin or pregabalin can be prescribed. While dopamine agonists were once common, they are now less utilized as they can accelerate symptoms over time.

Consulting a Doctor

If you experience leg discomfort at rest, particularly affecting your sleep, consult a healthcare professional. A referral to a sleep specialist and lab work to assess iron levels can lead to appropriate diagnosis and treatment.